• A fraction consists of two numbers.
• Both numbers are separated by a line known as fraction bar.
• One number is written at the top of the fraction bar.
• Another number is written at the bottom of the fraction bar.

For example:

\(\dfrac{1}{2}, \; \dfrac{2}{3}, \;\dfrac{5}{6}, \; \dfrac{1}{3}\) etc are fractions.

• A fraction consists of two numbers.
• Both numbers are separated by a line known as fraction bar.
• The number at the top of the fraction bar is called numerator.

For example:

In fraction \(\dfrac{1}{2},\) \(1\) is the numerator of the fraction.

•  A fraction is a part of a whole thing.
• If \(\dfrac{1}{b}\) is a fraction where \(b\neq 0\), then it shows that the whole thing is divided into \(b\) equal parts and we have \(1\) part of it.

Here, \(1\)= numerator, represents number of parts we have, i.e., \(1\)

\(b\) = denominator, represents whole is divided into \(b\) equal parts

• A fraction also represents some parts of a figure.
• To understand it easily, let us consider an example: 
• Two friends, Ronnie and Robin ordered a pizza which is cut into \(8\) equal slices.
• Let Ronnie and Robin ate \(3\) and \(5\) slices respectively.

Finding their shares in fraction form. 

 Ronnie's share :

• From the figure, 

Total number of slices  = \(8 \leftarrow\) denominator

Number of slices Ronnie ate \( = 3 \leftarrow\) numerator

\(\therefore\) Ronnie's share in fraction from = \(\dfrac{3}{8}\)

 Robin's share :

• From the figure,

Total number of slices \( = 8 \leftarrow\) denominator

Number of slices Robin ate \(= 5 \leftarrow \) numerator

\(\therefore\) Robin's share in fraction form \(= \dfrac {5}{8}\)

•  A fraction is a part of a whole thing.
• If \(\dfrac{1}{b}\) is a fraction where \(b\neq 0\), then it shows that the whole thing is divided into \(b\) equal parts and we have \(1\) part of it.

Here, \(1\)= numerator, represents number of parts we have, i.e., \(1\)

\(b\) = denominator, represents whole is divided into \(b\) equal parts

• A fraction also represents some parts of a figure.
• To understand it easily, let us consider an example: 
• Ana buys a chocolate cake to celebrate Sara's birthday.
• Sara cuts the cake into \(4\) equal slices, as shown in the figure.
• Let Sara and Ana ate \(1\) and \(3\) slices respectively.

 Finding their shares in fraction form,

Sara's share in cake:

Here, number of slices Sara ate \(= 1\)

Total number of slices \(= 4\)

\(\therefore\) Sara's share in fraction form \(=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

 Ana's share in cake:

Here, number of slices Ana ate \( = 3\) 

 Total number of slices \( = 4\)

\(\therefore\) Ana's share in fraction form \( =\dfrac{3}{4}\)

• A fraction consists of two numbers.
• Both numbers are separated by a line known as fraction bar.
• The number at the bottom of the fraction bar is called denominator.

For example:

In fraction \(\dfrac{1}{2}\), \(2 \) is the denominator.

• A fraction also represents a part of a group of things.
• To understand it easily, let us consider an example:
• Tara and Alia, go to the market. They buy a packet of muffins from Uncle John's bakery. There are total \(7\) muffins in the packet.
• Tara takes \(3\) muffins and gives \(4\) muffins to Alia.
• The figure shows a packet of \(7\) muffins.
• Tara's share in muffins \( = 3\)
• Alia's share in muffins \( = 4\)
• Total muffins \(= 7\)

Finding their shares in fraction form,

Tara's share in fraction form:

Tara has \(3\) muffins out of \(7\).

\(\therefore\) Fraction \(= \dfrac{3}{7}\)

 Alia's share in fraction form:

Alia has \(4\) muffins out of \(7\).

\(\therefore\) Fraction \(= \dfrac{4}{7}\)

• A fraction can also be represented by a part of a group of things.
• To understand it easily, let us consider an example: 
• Cherri and Monica are plucking tea leaves from a tea garden. They have plucked  \(11\) green tea leaves. There are \(5\) long leaves and \(6\) short leaves.
• Cherri takes long leaves while Monica takes short ones. 
• The figure shows a basket of leaves.
• Number of long leaves = \(5\)
• Number of short leaves = \(6\)
• Total leaves = \(11\)

Finding their shares in fraction form, 

Cherri's share of leaves in fraction form:

Here, Cherri takes \(5\) out of \(11\) leaves.

\(\therefore\) Cherri's share in fraction form = \(\dfrac{5}{11}\)

[As shown in figure]

Monica's share of leaves in fraction form:

Here, Monica takes \(6\) out of \(11\) leaves.

\(\therefore\) Monica's share in fraction from = \(\dfrac{6}{11}\)

[As shown in figure]