For addition: Plus, more than, added to, and, sum, altogether etc.
For subtraction: Less, less than, fewer than, subtracted, minus, take away, difference, spent etc.
For multiplication: Product, times, multiplied, twice \((2×)\) etc.
For division: Shared equally, divided, quotient of, spilt up, distributed, ratio, half etc.
\(7\) divided by the sum of twice of a number and \(6.\)
Here, keyword 'twice of' is representing 'multiplication by \(2\)' and 'a number' is representing a 'variable', say, \(x.\)
Thus, the expression for 'twice a number' is:
\(2×x\)
or
\(2x\)
Here, keyword 'sum' is representing 'addition' operation between 'twice of a number \((2x)\)' and \('6'\).
Thus, expression for 'the sum of twice a number and \(6\)' is
\(2x+6\)
Here, keyword 'divided by' is representing 'division' operation.
Thus, expression for \(7\) divided by the sum of twice of a number and \(6\) is:
\(\dfrac{7}{2x+6}\)
A \(4x+3\)
B \(\dfrac{4x}{3}\)
C \(4x-3\)
D \(3x-4\)
There are many situations in real world that can be written as expressions.
Step 1: Identify the unknown quantity and consider it as a variable.
Step 2: Now read the situation carefully and analyze the keywords for operations to write the expression.
For addition: Plus, more than, added to, and, sum, altogether etc.
For subtraction: Less, less than, fewer than, subtracted, minus, take away, difference, spent etc.
For multiplication: Product, times, multiplied, twice \((2×)\) etc.
For division: Shared equally, divided, quotient of, spilt up, distributed, ratio, half etc.
For example:
Cody had \($\,500\). He spent some money on shopping. How much money does he have now?
\(\to\) Before shopping Cody had money \(=$\,500\)
\(\to\) He spent some money represents an unknown quantity so, consider it as a variable.
Let, he spent \($\,x\) on shopping.
\(\to\) After shopping, there is a shortage of \($\,x\) from \($\,500\). It means \(x\) less than \(500\).
Thus, expression for the given situation is:
\(500-x\)
A \(2x-30\)
B \(\dfrac{2x}{30}\)
C \(\dfrac{2x+2x}{30}\)
D \(\dfrac{30}{2x}\)
For example:
(i) \(x+5\)
Thus, we can write '\(x\) is added to \(5\)'.
The addition is shown by using keywords:
'added', 'sum', 'more than' etc.
(ii) \(x-5\)
Thus, we can write '\(5\) less than \(x\)'.
The subtraction is shown by using keywords:
'taken away', 'less than', 'subtracted' etc.
(iii) \(7x\)
Thus, we can write '\(7\) times \(x\)'.
The multiplication is shown by using keywords:
'times', 'multiplied', 'product' etc.
(iv) \(\dfrac{10}{x}\)
Thus, we can write '\(10\) divided by \(x\)'.
The division is shown by using keyword:
'by', 'divided by', 'divides', 'quotient' etc.
A \(5\) is added to \(x\)
B \(5\) is divided by \(x\)
C \(x\) is divided by \(5\)
D \(5\) times \(x\)
(i) Identify the given number.
(ii) Identify the operation involved.
(iii) Identify the variable.
(iv) Write an expression using variable, numbers and operation.
Example:
(i) 'A variable added to \(5\)'
Here, 'added to' indicates addition operation.
Thus, it can be written as \(x+5\).
The addition is shown by using keywords:
'added', 'sum', 'increase', 'more than' etc.
(ii) '\(2\) subtracted from \(y\)'
Here, 'subtracted' indicates subtraction.
Thus, it can be written as \(y-2\).
The subtraction is shown by using keywords:
'taken away', 'less than', 'decreased', 'subtracted to' etc.
(iii) '\(4\) times \(x\)'
Here, 'times' indicates multiplication.
Thus, it can be written as \(4x\).
The multiplication is shown by using keywords:
'times', 'multiplied', 'product' etc.
(iv) '\(x\) divided by \(2\)'
Here, 'divided' indicates division.
Thus, it can be written as \(\dfrac{x}{2}\).
The division is shown by using keywords:
'by', 'divided by', 'divides' etc.
A \(x-7\)
B \(7-x\)
C \(x+7\)
D \(7x\)
For addition: Plus, more than, added to, and, sum, altogether etc.
For subtraction: Less, less than, fewer than, subtracted, minus, take away, difference, spent etc.
For multiplication: Product, times, multiplied, twice \((2×)\) etc.
For division: Shared equally, divided, quotient of, split up, distributed, ratio, half etc.
\(3x+5\)
\(\to\) Two operations are used in the given expression.
\(\to\) For term \(3x\;\text{or}\;3×x\), we can say as:
\(3\) times \(x.\)
Here 'times' is the keyword for multiplication.
\(\to\) For expression \(3x+5\),
\(5\) is being added to \(3x\) so we can say that it is the 'sum' of \(3x\) and \(5\).
Here 'sum' is the keyword for addition.
\(\to\) Thus we can write a verbal model or phrase for \(3x+5\) as: The sum of three times \(x\) and \(5\).
A \(2\) times \(y\) less than \(12\) is divided by \(4\).
B The product of \(2\) and \(y\) divided by \(4\) is less than \(12\).
C The sum of \(2\) and \(y\) less than \(12\) is divided by \(4\).
D The sum of \(2\) and \(y\) divided by \(4\) is less than \(12\).
There are many situations in the real world that can be written as expressions.
Step 1: Identify the unknown quantities and consider them as variables.
Step 2: Now read the situation carefully and analyze the keywords for operations to write the expression.
For addition: Plus, more than, added to, and, sum, altogether etc.
For subtraction: Less, less than, fewer than, subtracted, minus, take away, difference, spent etc.
For multiplication: Product, times, multiplied, twice \((2×)\) etc.
For division: Shared equally, divided, quotient of, spilt up, distributed, ratio, half etc.
Example: Ana's monthly earnings, \($\,x\) and \($\,y\) come from baby sitting and home tuition respectively. She saves half of her total earnings for the education of her younger brother.
Write an expression for the amount she saves.
Earnings from baby sitting \(=$\,x\)
Earnings from home tuition \(=$\,y\)
\(\to\) Here, keyword 'total' is representing the 'addition' of \($\,x\) and \($\,y\).
\(\therefore\) Her total earnings \(=x+y\)
\(\to\) She saves half of her total earnings.
Here, keyword 'half of' is representing 'division by \(2\)' or 'multiplication by \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)'.
\(\therefore\) Expression for the given situation is:
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2}\)
A \(x-y+2y\)
B \(2y-x-y\)
C \(\dfrac{x}{y+2y}\)
D \(x-(y+2y)\)
A Jacob has \(x\) pencils, purchases \(40\) more pencils and distributes all the pencils among \(y\) students.
B Jacob has \(y\) pencils, purchases \(x\) more pencils and gives away \(40\) pencils to a little girl.
C Jacob has \(x\) pencils, purchases \(y\) more pencils and distributes all the pencils among \(40\) students.
D Jacob has \(x\) pencils, \(40\) pencils are useless and distributes rest of the pencils among \(y\) students.